A Little Knowledge Is a Dangerous Thing Meaning free essay sample

Pope says, very truly, A little knowledge is a dangerous thing. Both Popes original verse and the misquotation of it were predated by an anonymous author, signing himself A B, in the collection of letters published in 1698 as  The mystery of phanaticism: Twas well observed by my Lord Bacon, That a little knowledge is apt to puff up, and make men giddy, but a greater share of it will set them right, and bring them to low and humble thoughts of themselves.Again, there is a degree of misquotation here, as what my Lord Bacon, the English politician and philosopher Francis Bacon, Viscount St Alban, actually said, in  The Essays: Of Atheism, 1601, was: A little philosophy inclineth man’s mind to atheism; but depth in philosophy bringeth men’s minds about to religion. So, who coined the phrase? It appears to have been a group effort.Bacon can be credited with the idea, Pope with the learning version and the mysterious A B with the knowledge version. We will write a custom essay sample on A Little Knowledge Is a Dangerous Thing Meaning or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page a  little  learning  is  a  dangerous  thing  . Knowing  a  littleabout  something  tempts  one  to  overestimate  ones  abilities. Forexample,  I  know  youve  assembled  furniture,  but  that  doesnt  meanyou  can  build  an  entire  wall  system;  remember,  a  little  knowledge

buy custom Business Research for Decision Making essay

buy custom Business Research for Decision Making essay Two terms come to mind in the description of the major approaches to management. The major or organizational research can be either qualitative or quantitative. There might be other terms used to describe small aspects of research such as positivistic, functionalistic, or optimistic. There could also be subjectivitistic, as well as, interpretivist used to describe the qualitative research methods. In fact, quantitative research might be seen as objective and this case does not relate to the knowledge or experience of a person and thus would be relating to the phenomenon or thoughts that are perceptible to mall of the observers in this case. This would rely heavily on the statistics and the knowledge, while on the other hand, the qualitative design subjective, which does relate to experience and knowledge and this may be conditioned by personal mental characteristics or states. This prefers to look at the language used having a partiality to the linguistics and the description in the making. There have been instances where the qualitative aspect has been used in the attempt to reduce distance between the context, as well as, the action and this is done through trading while using linguistic symbols. In other words, the approach would simply be termed as using the examinations of perceptions in order to gain the understanding needed of social and human activities. The distinctions stated here about the two approaches are essential in recognizing the ones necessary in the research design illustrated in the paper. Unfortunately, they do not portray different paradigms that underpin the various approaches and how these would go to affect the research process (Williams, 1998). On this basis, there has been interest in the dichotomy in the research process and this was taken to reveal the relationship between the research, as well as, the research process and the principle research paradigms. Defining the question Having said that when carrying out hypothesis testing on the Sekaran Research Process and MGT600 Roadmap there are certain aspects that needed attention. The assignments that have been completed as far are a systematic process whereby one designs and develops formal research (Solution Library, 2011). The requirements of the assignment in this case, required the use of knowledge and experience, as well as, skills acquired within the previous three weeks to apply it as a published research activity. This would be referred to as part of the necessary group activity According to the research method, the analysis itself as it were was a comparative assessment whereby, it would show how well the author or the authors have of the selected research have fulfilled all of the steps that were presented as shown in the textbook figure. The analysis in this way, focused on a certain research process rather than on the topic of research itself. Therefore, content was to fill I the blanks t give them something to work with when the topic of discussion was the method actually. In this way, paraphrasing the author of the text would not be the as already stated I the research text would not be key. The analysis should be geared toward the assessment of the adherence to the research process. Thus, this would be an in depth look at the method itself and asses pros and cons. The analysis would be quite objective and gear toward assessment result with the aim of better improving the method through the recommendations. However, this must be done by not only looking at one-step a sub steps at a time instead of looking at the whole picture. These steps are in such a manner, that they should be progressive leading to the other. The interrelationships that go on between the steps are also essential to the analysis. The specific published research selected for the group project in this case would contain the basic components of a basic formal research project. The data collected for the research design should also range from secondary sources. These include the internet, internationally recognized government documents, as well as, statistical and census data (Scribd.com, 1997). The Sekaran (2003) Research Process MGT600 Roadmap would be the subject of analysis. There are few periodical s on the project and even less published material, but there are figures and illustrations, as well as, reviews on the internet. Planning The main aim of planning the research design would be to decipher how to test the hypothesis (Ginorio, 2011). The IP2 and IP1 are not as different and might as well be classified, as one-step instead, will have to be reviewed though the steps of the research process itself. The main difference between the two aspects is that one contains five steps while the second has six steps while the later has the same steps, but the last. In this case, the reference point would be the The Sekaran (2003) Research Process MGT600 Roadmap figure according to the (American InterContinental University-Online, 2007). Collecting data The collection of the data would be done from the figure illustrated, as well as, use previous research whereby the research process has been used to cover as part of the research design. There are web pages available that contain reviews a well as methodologies on the research design that would be used for analysis. The data collection has to come from different sources I order to maintain a solid and objective side to the research topic. This would guard against biased results or processes that would go on to affect the results. Organizing the data The next step would be to organize or/ and to provide a summary of the work involved in this way. The data would include statistical results, as well as, the reviewed data that had undergone necessary analysis. This will go to a tabulated or convenient forma t where the rresults and findings could be deduced by anyone even if they had not taken part in the research itself. This could entail graphical representation of the data in graphic form so as to be clear to some observing the data. Statistical representation may also be in pie charts or line graphs. Thereby, the question would arise if the data used or represented were relevant to the research itself. In this way, one should bring the methodology into the results and the conclusion. If these are not directly related to the research problem, the methodology, results as well as, the conclusions of that study will probably be directly impacted by the problem at the source of the research. Usually, methodology is structured by the research questions. In other words, it is steps that are taken in order to derive the valuable answers needed (Levy and Ellis, 2008). Interpretation and drawing of conclusions This is the step that entails drawing back from the data itself and looking at it from a new perspective. This may reveal answers to problems such as if there were an alternative hypothesis that might explain the findings of the research. This also includes if one is receiving all of the data that is necessary. Even if it was a wild card or it leaned to an extreme, this does not matter if it is relevant to the research. The results should also show a comparison to what should happen that is the hypothesis itself. Here, the conclusion also gets into the picture. In order for the conclusion to take effect, one must consider the methodology. In general the methodology should be detailed and contain facts of when where and how. These methodologies would provide the research tools through which the interested party would use to produce the study results. This would include such things as the data and the evidence used to conclude on the research questions in this case. Therefore, how would the research affect the community? These big picture questions should be of priority in this case. Many things would go into the conclusion such as the appropriateness of the research goals for the study such as the comparison of IP1 and IP2. This includes the type of research conducted on the two methodologies, as well as, the research questions that needed to be answered. Communicating the results At this time, the audience should be the priority and emphasis would be provided as to their identity and their background. In this way, one would know how best to communicate with them. This could be done using a variety of methods ranging from written report, oral presentation, as well as, video and visual aids. Thus, what visual aid would best help the audience understand the research? At this point, the researcher would go back and make sure, if the data is all in there in terms of formatting. This means whether the introduction, description, results and the conclusion are addressed in the communication. Buy custom Business Research for Decision Making essay

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 16

Marketing - Essay Example mpetes with international brand giants already established in the market and open up the domestic living space to local companies is the problem Chinas beverage industry must currently face. Wahaha Company was established 10 years ago. From the initial development of a school-run factory to Chinas national backbone of the beverage industry, Wahaha has become one of the few beverage producers in the country to meet the challenge of leading international brand companies. Although Wahaha Company built factories producing the world’s top five beverages and foodstuffs of Danone Group, and exports products to the United States, Canada, Italy and other countries, Wahaha has always maintained a target focus on the domestic market rather than to develop the international market. This article will analyze the international beverage industry market and explore the internationalization road of Wahaha Company in building a strategic vision for the Chinese beverage industry to develop their international market. Corporate-level international business development strategy is based on the internal and external environmental analysis to determine intention to enter new countries and regions. The international strategies of the corporate management level will need to determine the specific elements of how they wish to enter the chosen market (Michael E. Potter, 1997). Corporate business-level generic strategies are divided into three types: overall cost leadership strategy, differentiation strategy and focus strategy. It relates to market entry and market expansion strategy research. As the Wahaha Group is still a relatively young company with limited experience in international business, it should choose a waterfall model to enter the market in the early stage of internationalization, expressed in Appendix 2. For the present, Wahaha’s entry into the U.S. market has a certain trade foundation and marketing relationship, and the U.S. market demand is large with high degree of

Segregation's Lingering Legacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Segregation's Lingering Legacy - Essay Example It is highly beneficial for children to learn what makes them different aside from the color of skin. Whether African-American, Asian, Native American and so on, each race and ethnicity has so much to offer and share with their communities that people of other races simply cannot understand without being taught. Institutional racism is ultimately causing widespread neglect of cultural differences that are important to learn. I think our educational system still has a large amount of segregation because they allow it to happen. Teachers, principals and parents are all too afraid of hurting someone’s feelings or being touted as a bigot if they open their mouth and say something. Our country is so absorbed with â€Å"what will they think of me?† that society is ceasing to function. The fear of a legal claim of racism, the NAACP, the ACLU or another organization’s intervention is likely a great fear for many, so they have no desire to change the segregation. Blacks a re no better than whites, Asians, or any other race and vice versa. Our children need to be taught by their elders both in the home and in school the differences in race, culture and communities so that they can grow, learn and be steadier, well-rounded adults.

Stress coping in people with HIV positive Essay

Stress coping in people with HIV positive - Essay Example After discussing the possible treatment and prevention approaches used in people with HIV, strategic ways on how health care professionals can enable them to cope with the psychological distress associated with the disease will be thoroughly discussed. By going through a personal reflection, the health situation will be applied in Hong Kong particularly on how the HK government is promoting safer sex practice. The fact that HIV infection is a life-threatening disease is already considered as a major source of stress among the HIV infected individuals. (Riggs, Vosvick, & Stalling, 2007) Individuals who were informed by their physicians that ‘they only have few months to live’ could negatively affect the physical functioning, psychological, social, and emotional well-being of the person. As a result, some of the HIV infected people loses their hope to be treated and cured from the disease. HIV infected individuals would tend to withdraw from their social life aside from putting an end to their relationship with their love ones (Wadland & Gleeson, 1991). In most cases, there is a strong possibility for HIV infected individuals to unconsciously use other maladaptive coping strategies including denial, disengagement, and/or abusing the use of illegal substances (Gore-Felton et al., 2006; Komiti et al., 2003). Aside from the having the thought that the life span of HIV infected individuals is already limited, it is likely that these individuals would seek medical assistance from professional medical team. Basically, the cost of treating and promoting a better quality life for HIV infected individuals can be very costly not only on the part of the HIV infected individual himself but also to his family members. In line with the high cost of medical intervention, we can consider the financial burden of becoming infected with HIV as

The rapid evolution of rock music

The rapid evolution of rock music Rock Music its Rapid Evolution Introduction Music has been with man since the dawn of time. Every beat or sound can some way be considered as a form of music. Dating back to early man music could have been something as simple as the soothing sound of a waterfall or a tree swaying with the wind or a wild animal running through a forest. Today music is so diversified and so engrained in our lives that practically every child or teenager even an adult has a vast list of songs that they might listen to on their mp3 players. There are many varied branches of music existing today. These branches have now expanded to encompass everything from the tribal beats to anything that comes out of a synthesizer. And although we find music in many forms today, Im sure the purists would disagree with what the youth of today call great music. Now-a-days it seems the search is on for the â€Å"in music†. Music thats making everybody feel good now and which is discarded in a heartbeat once something better comes along. So what is it that has made rock music go so steady all these years? The reason why I have chosen Rock music for my seminar paper topic is that, I truly am very passionate about this genre of music. Rock Music or Rock as it is so called is vastly misunderstood by people, most of whom simply associate it with negative stereotypes like drug addiction, alcoholism, violence, sexual abuse, demonic control and other vices. One cannot blame people for having such misconceptions about Rock since over the years many of the famous Rock artists have come to be known mainly for their drug addiction and other outrageous behaviour under the influence of alcohol and chemical substances. However it is important to understand that one must separate the artist from his music and not pass unnecessary judgment on the music just based on the vices of the artist. Another misconception is that rock is only drums and guitar, when that is only the public face of Rock. There is a host of other instruments that are key elements to rock music as a whole, other than just guitar and percussion. Rock Music History Origins I would now like to begin with the History of Rock music. Where did it originate? What are its roots? How has it evolved along the years? What is the scenario at present? There are several views as to where exactly the Rock genre got up and going. And many believe that Rock originated in the west with the dawn of Rock Roll by Elvis Presley. However that is far from the case. It all started off during the post-war urbanization of America. The popular music of the late 1940s included country music, folk music, the blues, rhythm and blues (known as RB), jazz and classical music. Basically rock music hails from a blend of various popular music genres at that time in the United States of America. Rock music started off in the late 1940s when people wanted to move out from the slow beat jazz music and the slow electrified blues music to a much faster beat rhythm filled tune at that time. The rock sound is believed to have primarily originated with the guitar. It is believed that the existing guitar tunes used in blues music was soon blending in with other forms of music like jazz, classical music, folk music and other popular forms of music existing back then. All this led to the birth of Rock music as a separate genre of music which back then came to be known as Rock n Roll towards the early 1950s. Around that time i.e. the late 1940s to the early 1950s Rhythm and Blues (RB) musicians mainly concentrated on the black audience. However later onwards musicians started playing for a multi-racial audience. These musicians also targeted the newer forms or blends of music towards this audience. Later on these same fast beat blends of RB and the blues etc came to be coined as ‘Rock n Roll. â€Å"It is believed that in 1951 in a town in Cleveland, Ohio in USA a musician by the name of Alan Freed is said to have began playing a new form of RB music for a multi-racial audience is believed to have first used the phrase ‘Rock ‘N Roll to describe his music.† Source: Icons of Rock Scott Schinder with Andy Schwartz Encyclopaedia Britannica Rock Music. Rock Music Evolution Rock music is believed to be one of those genres of music that has evolved very rapidly over the past 50 to 60 years. Its rapid evolution has been witnessed mainly over the last 50 years. It all started with good old Rock n Roll in the 1950s. This later evolved in the 1960s which was considered as a Golden Era for Rock music. Rock took a totally different turn with the British invasion of rock by the Beatles. This was later followed by what came to be known as Surf music in America which was a mix of the catchy rock n roll n the hip and happening Beatles music. The Beatles music also led to a new form of music that was called as the hippy and psychedelic rock music. In the 1970s which came to be known as the memorable years evolved different forms of rock music such as Hard Rock, Punk Rock also Pop Rock. The 1980s witnessed a change in the band members hair styles. This era also was famous for what was called as hair bands. It included styles of rock such as punk rock funk rock. It led to the evolution of Heavy Metal. Bands used to wear tight leather pants and sported insane long hairdos. The 1990s showed a completely new and insane evolution of rock. It gave newer forms of rock such as Grunge Rock Alternative Rock. It gave the revolutionary guitar distortion feedback. Many of the genres from the 1950s onwards till the 1999s are still well known today. Most of the bands in those eras are still popular today. Many of todays bands still play the different styles of rock music. Some of them even make remakes of those songs using modern day styles and instruments. The later half of 2000 also witness something that very well came to be known as fusion music. It involved bringing together classical music (Western or Indian) and blending it in with modern day rock music. This style today is very popular especially in our country among our Indian youth that have blended the Indian classical instruments very smoothly with instruments like the guitar, keyboard, percussion, etc. The 1950s The 1950s gave rise to the Youth culture. It faced problems such as racial tensions the advent of the Cold War. This first saw the advent of Rock n Roll with great artists like Chuck Berry, Elvis Presley, Little Richard, Jerry Lee Lewis, The Shadows, Buddy Holly, Bo Diddley, Bill Haley the Comets, Gene Vincent, the Everly Brothers, and Carl Perkins, among many others. These were considered to be the first wave of Rock n Rollers. Rock and roll in its earliest stage could have been described as just blues with a few electric guitar tunes attached to it. In its purest form, Rock Roll was as simple as three chords, a strong yet insistent guitar back beat, and a catchy melody. Early rock roll was drawn from sources primarily including blues, RB, and country, but also gospel, traditional pop, jazz, and folk. These genres were combined together in a simple, blues-based song structure that was fast, danceable, and catchy. Rockabilly emerged in the mid1950s. It is simply a mix of rock and roll, country music, blues, and a little jazz too. It was a fundamental music genre of the 50s. The fathers or founders of Rock n Roll came t be known as Bill Haley, Elvis Presley, Little Richard Chuck Berry. Their music revolutionized the music industry and later gave way to new forms of rock music in the decades to follow. Even in todays times their music is still very popular. Rockabilly was popularized by white singers like Elvis Presley, Carl Perkins Jerry Lee Lewis who mainly concentrated on the country roots of the music. The Popular hits recorded around that time were Thats All Right (Mama) Elvis Presley, Heartbreak Hotel Elvis Presley, Rock Around the Clock Bill Haley the Comets, Folsom Prison Blues Johnny Cash, Blue Suede Shoes Carl Perkins. Another popular form of Rock n Roll in the 1950s was called the ‘Doo Wop. It emphasized on multi-part vocal harmonies and meaningless backing lyrics supported with light instrumentation. Its origins were African American vocal groups like the Inkspots the Mill Brothers. Famous bands of this form of music were The Orioles, The Ravens and The Clovers, that used a strong element of traditional gospel music in their songs. The great hits included â€Å"The Great Pretender† The Platters, â€Å"Yakety Yak† The Coasters â€Å"Yes Sir, Thats my Baby† The Clovers along with many others. Later on during the 1950s Elvis Presley came to be known as the King of Rock n Roll. Even today he is still remembered as ‘The King. The decline of Rock n Roll was witnessed during the early 1960s with the death of famous musicians like Buddy Holy and Richie Valens in a plane crash; the departure of Elvis Presley for the army, the retirement of Little Richard to become a preacher, prosecutions of Jerry Lee Lewis and Chuck Berry and the breaking of the payola scandal. All of the above incidents gave a sensation that the rock and roll era has come to an end. However during its decline rock n roll witnessed a feminine side with an introduction of love ballads targeted to a female audience the rise of girl groups like The Crystals and The Shirelles. All the events that occurred in the 1950s eventually led to what came to be known as Surf Music, Garage Rock the Twist dance craze. However the major event that was a hit in the 1960s was that of the rise of British Rock n Roll with the emergence of The Beatles which was greatly influenced by the Americas 1950s Rock n Roll. The 1960s The 1960s witnessed many events like that of the Vietnam War, Civil Rights War, Surf Music, Hippie culture, The San Francisco Scene, The Music of Protests the birth of Heavy Metal. Similarly Rock n Roll in the 1960s went through 4 phases or parts. These parts are as follows: Part I The Beatles The British Invasion Part II Motown Music Part III Classic Rock: The Sounds of the 1960s Part IV Message Music Before 1963 i.e. 1961 onwards America witnessed the rise of Surf Music a form of Rock n Roll. This music was pioneered by Duane Eddy, Link Wray, and The Ventures that added distinctive wet reverb style rapid alternate picking to the music. One of the famous hits was Lets Go Trippin in 1961 and this launched the surf music craze. The all time favourite band of this era is The Beach Boys. Part I The Beatles The British Invasion During this decade i.e. post 1963 America along with the rest of the world witnessed what came to be known only as ‘The British Invasion. During the 1960s the most well know and world renowned band of the British invasion was the one and only Beatles. The Beatles till today are considered to be the all time success stories of the 1960s. The main reason why the Beatles are considered one of the best and most influential rock bands of all time is the because they took what Elvis and other Rock n Roll artists created in the 1950s and transformed it into a whole new different thing. Hence this era is known as one that gave birth to a new age of Rock. The Beatlemania had begun with its first single hit song in 1962 â€Å"Love Me Do† in Great Britain. Along with the Rock n Roll of the 1950s the Beatles popularized new genres of rock music ranging from ranging from folk rock to psychedelic pop. The Beatles were so influential during the 1960s that their progressive ideals were considered to be social cultural revolutions. Other great hits of the Beatles include â€Å"I Wanna Hold Your Hand† which sold 2.6 million copies in the United States in just two weeks. The Beatles came out with many hits during this era such as â€Å"She Loves You†, â€Å"Please Please Me†, etc. Other emerging bands in this era included The Dave Clark Five, The Kinks The Rolling Stones. The Rolling Stones greatest hit during this period was â€Å"Honky Tonk Woman† Part II Motown Music Motown was a Detroit based record company that was founded by Berry Gordy who was a one-time assembly line worker at Ford Motors. It became the most successful black owned record company by 1963. Motown had a number of vocal groups, songwriters musicians. The music recorded was known for its tight orchestrations and catchy lyrics. The music was based on the injustice to the black community during the Civil War. The Motown greats were The Temptations, The Four Tops, Martha Reeves the Vandellas and Diana Ross The Supremes. Part III Classic Rock: The Sounds of the 1960s This era witnessed what was known as the Hippe culture. Their main chant was ‘Make Love Not War. Peace was their underlying theme. The Beatles is one of the famous bands that transitioned during this phase in terms of their look and music. Other artist that came to existence were Jefferson Airplane, Grace Slick, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, The Doors, Steppenwolf, Simon Garfunkel, Mamas and the Pappas and Lovin Spoonful. The famous concert of this era was The Woodstock. This was a concert for promoting peace, love brotherhood. Artists like Jimi Hendrix rocked the concert. Part IV Message Music Most themes found in rock and roll during this era dealt with love and relationships gone wrong. It followed the war on Vietnam the various protests being undertaken. The music was an attempt to reflect upon the events occurring at that time like the civil rights movement, the growing unrest over the war in Vietnam, and the rise of feminism. The message within the song focused on peace. Many songs received substantial airplay and became anthems at concerts, rallies, and demonstrations. The Message through Folk Music The Message through Rock Music The most well known artists to emerge from the folk tradition include Bob Dylan, Joan Baez, Phil Ochs, and the trio known as Peter, Paul, and Mary. In 1965, an artist, Barry McGuire hit the charts with a song that reflected the growing turmoil in the world. Other popular hippy and psychedelic bands such as Pink Floyd, The Who, The Rolling Stones, The Yardbirds, the Grateful Dead, Jimi Hendrix, Cream, and others began to rule the world. These bands gave rise to the counterculture movement, trendsetters, with their drug induced lyrics and hypnotic melodies. Other genres of rock began to emerge such as progressive rock which is experimenting with other instruments other than guitar, bass and drums. This was popularized by Pink Floyd. Folk rock was popularized by Bob Dylan and Janis Joplin. The 1960s ultimately gave birth to heavy metal which is a thick, heavy, and highly amplified genre of rock mainly popularized by Black Sabbath. The world was just now beginning to witness the tremendous power impact rock really had on society. The 1970s In the 1970s the Vietnam War had ended, the protests stopped people began to settle down. Along with that, the music too did settle down. The world witnessed the split of the Beatles also the death of John Lennon. The 70s rock music brought different cultures and audiences closer together than ever before. Rock music began to branch out into new genres like Hard Rock, Heavy Metal Punk Rock. Led Zeppelin became extremely popular with its perfect blend of Hard Rock Blues music that they could call its own. In this era bands and artists such as David Bowie, Yes, The Eagles, and Queen became very influential. Towards the late 70s the world also witnessed the rise of Punk Rock. The founding fathers of punk were The Ramones. They combined anarchism and teenage rage with rock and roll and this came to be known as Punk Rock. Other bands such as The Sex Pistols and The Clash helped popularize and redefine punk rock. This new, powerful and intense genre of music influenced many bands of the future. The 1980s And then came the 1980s. Rock Music revolutionized itself in a way that everyone wanted to be part of the upcoming scene. The music took a different turn, more in terms of punk rock, new wave, heartland rock and alternative rock. Most people would think of the 80s as all about big hairdos and androgyny. The gay activists took to in a big way in this decade. People started embracing the opposite sex and everyone had colour in everything they did or wore. This inspired the rock music scene greatly. The eighties saw everything from enthusiasm to neon pink socks, worn by men. Creativity was expressed so greatly in the 1980s and artists wore their individuality with pride. The 1980s music scene is possibly considered as one of the strangest times in the evolution of rock music. Music artists were doing everything, a mix of bubblegum pop, sentimental forever ballads to thumping electric beats and even the hardest rock metal. This decade practically saw it all. Artist such as Bruce Springsteen, Guns and Roses, Van Halen, AC/DC, Aerosmith, Iron Maiden, Metallica, Bon Jovi, and Motley Crue can best be remembered for their power ballads and great guitar solos. A new genre of music called as ‘New wave also emerged from punk, funk, and disco. It was made popular by artists such as Divo, The B-52s, Talking Heads, and Blondie. Indie rock or Alternative rock as it is well known began to emerge in the late 1980s with artists such as U2, R.E.M., The Cure, The Smiths, and Sonic Youth were very popular with college students. Punk also became more popular with bands such as Black Flag and the Dead Kennedys. This was also the time of producers. Theyre importance grew and artists took notice that a good producer could take their records to the market. Then came the advent of having soundtracks in movies. Record companies realized the economics in placing a song in a movie, the response was tremendous. Regardless of the variety, the music is the eighties was a big hit, it still is. And thats because the music spoke the minds of the people, it made no apologies, one could identify with a slow ballad by Phil Collins in the afternoon and put up their black leather jacket, rocking to Iron Maiden by night time, you dint have to apologize to anyone. Freedom of expression, experimenting and lyrics became an integral part of the eighties. And that is precisely the reason why the eighties they say will never die. The 1990s The early 90s was known as the era of grunge and alternative rock. Nirvana came to be known as the most popular grunge band of the 90s. Grunge music can be described as dirty guitar, strong guitar riffs with distortion and feedback. It consisted of dark lyrics and expressed teenage angst. Popular grunge and alternative bands were Pearl Jam, Nirvana, Janes Addiction and Alice in Chains. A more iconic scene was that of the emergence of female artists. Women were becoming much less dependent on men, and less oriented towards having a family-based future. They were daughters of women who fought for equal rights and they expressed it- in the form of words and notes. The magazine, Billboard brought about the commercial success of the music industry. It changed the way it ranked singles and albums of artists by tallying actual sales at retail stores instead of using the industry-manipulated word of mouth. Rock suddenly beat pop in terms of sales, and minority genres such as country and hip-hop began to enter the charts. This led the industry to invest more in these minority genres. The 1990s proved that music was for the listener and that the idea behind music was to view the artist as a whole, his production, his team, his lyrics, his image, his music video and his personality. Everyone had a favorite type of music and a favorite genre, a favorite artist and a favorite album. You couldnt help it- there were so many choices by this time. 2000 Present Alternative rock even today is one of the popular and broadest genre of rock music. Emo, is a new sub genre of rock that consists of intense emotional lyrics with hardcore punk roots. It was popularized by bands like From First to Last, The Used, Brand New and softer bands such as Dashboard Confessional and Bright Eyes which can also be described as indie. The word indie actually stands for independent and refers to bands that are part of an independent record label. However, today indie has a whole new meaning. Indie can be described as mainly underground and softer version of alternative rock. Popular indie bands include Death Cab for Cutie, The Strokes, Elliott Smith, The Decemberists, The Arcade Fire, The Postal Service a few others. Heavy metal has now reached an extremely new level. Sub-genres of heavy metal like black metal, death metal and thrash metal which is very loud, aggressive and fast entered the industry. Popular hardcore metal bands include Slipknot, As I Lay Dying, Korn, Norma Jean and Cannibal Corpse. Alternative rock has now become an all time hit with bands such as Incubus, Red Hot Chili Peppers, Chevelle, Coldplay, and the Foo Fighters. Pop rock is another popular genre. It is rock mixed with a more mainstream approach and popular lyrics. Pop rock bands include Fall Out Boy, All-American Rejects, Ashlee Simpson, Avril Lavigne, and others. Another form of music that came about was the rap rock. They symbolized the fusion of the raw, street music and hard rock pelting beats. It was an instant hit with the fans of both the genres. Examples of such were Linkin Park, Limp Bizkit, Faith no More, Rage Against the Machine, etc Rock Music in the Indian Scenario Rock music caught on in India during the mid 70s. I remember hearing stories of my father and his brothers in small time bands playing the good oldies like Elvis Presley, The Carpenters, The Beatles, The Shadows, Bob Dylan and other artists on their guitars. These were many such small groups which were mainly Catholics that played all the dance numbers mainly for weddings the Christmas dance. These were the jive the twist numbers that people used to love to dance to back in the day. Towards the 80s artists like Led Zeppelin, Dire Straits Jethro Tull became quiet popular. People used to purchase these music cassettes and listen to this kind of music on their audio cassette players Sony Walkman. That however was a very long time ago. Things soon changed with the Gulf War of 1991 opening the gates to media in India. MTV was one of the channels that were beamed, along with CNN. Apart from Pop music what caught on quickly was rock. However, as an audience, the numbers in India were still minimal. It was only bands like Def Leppard, Bon Jovi and U2 that caught the fancy of many people. To a large extent, rock began and ended with Deep Purples Highway Star. The love for rock only meant name-dropping and wanting to sound fashionably rebellious. All that changed quickly changed to from the year 2000 onwards. Hard rock quickly caught on along with its counterpart Heavy Metal and is literally worshipped in many engineering colleges all over India. Many groups have been formed in various areas where the rock scene is still alive. These include Goa, Bangalore, Mumbai, Pune Delhi. Many popular India bands hail from these areas and have composed pretty famous hits that are well known to the Indian Rockers. Many engineering colleges still pay tribute to Rock by hosting Rock shows where fans from various parts of the country rush to gather head bang in harmony. The first rock band in India to become famous was Indus Creed. Famous Indian rock bands of today include bands like Zero, Pentagram, Parikrama, Them Clones and various others. One happening rock shows of Mumbai used to be the Independence Rock gig at Rang Bhavan popularly known as I-Rock which used to be packed and crowded as it was very popular and had bands playing from all over the country. Off late the popularity of i-rock has died down due to the change in date and venue due to certain restrictions. Another new genre of rock music that has probably evolved in India is Fusion rock which involves blending Indian classical instruments with that of the electric guitar, keyboard drums. This is something that is definitely coming up in the country with rock songs in Hindi rather than English and even in Hinglish. I still feel that there is very poor liberalization for Rock music in our country but as time passes by things will definitely seem to be getting better. One evident fact is Channel Vs ‘Launch Pad that takes place every year that hunts to find the Countries most popular and best Rock band. Along with Channel V, MTV has also started something called as Rock on Desi Beats that hunts for fusion rock bands of the country and popularizes the best. Another evident fact that rock music is catching up quickly was the launch of the movie ‘Rock On directed by starring Farhan Akhtar. Conclusion Hence I strongly believe that Rock music with its legendary History can never die out. It will always be a part of culture and will always be know as that which shapes culture strongly affects society. It is finally meant for people to understand that Rock is just about the music and the passion it drives in the youth. It should not be stereotyped with drug abuse alcoholism other vices. For this to happen it is the people that must change their ways and also it is essential for the famous artists to set a better example as they owe it to their fans as much as they owe it to the music. Another important factor is that although opportunities in the country for Rock music are very low it is extremely tough to become big, society must encourage the youngsters that have a passion for this music. Bibliography Internet References * http://www.warr.org/roots.html (Wilson and Alroys Record Reviews) * http://kclibrary.lonestar.edu/decade60.html (American Culture History) * http://www.spinner.com/2009/09/30/70s-music/ * http://www.cracked.com/article_15636_the-10-most-terrifyingly-inspirational-80s-songs.html * http://www.scaruffi.com/ (Rock Music Resources) * http://www.allmusic.com/ (Articles on various Artists) * http://www.britannica.com/ (Encyclopedia Britannica) * http://www.encyclopedia.com/ * http://www.mid-day.com/ (Articles on Indian Rock bands) Book Journal References * Icons of Rock (An Encyclopedia of the Legends who changed Music Forever) Scott Schinder with Andy Schwartz * Why 1955? Explaining the Advent of Rock Music Richard A. Peterson * Inside Rock Music Vance Ferrell

James Joyces Araby - Setting and Theme in Araby :: Joyce Dubliners Araby Essays

How the Setting Reinforces the Theme and Characters in Araby      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The setting in "Araby" reinforces the theme and the characters by using imagery of light and darkness.   The experiences of the boy in James Joyce's "Araby" illustrate how people often expect more than ordinary reality can provide and then feel disillusioned and disappointed.   The author uses dark and obscure references to make the boy's reality of living in the gloomy town of Araby more vivid.   He uses dark and gloomy references to create the mood or atmosphere, then changes to bright light references when discussing Mangan's sister.   The story expresses its theme through the setting, the characterization of the boy and his point of view as the narrator.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Darkness is used throughout the story as the prevailing theme.   James Joyce's story begins at dusk and continues through the evening during the winter, in Araby Ireland.   He chooses this gloomy setting to be the home of a young boy who is infatuated with his neighbors sister.   The boy is young and naive and he leads a dull and boring life.   Joyce uses darkness to make the boy's reality more believable through more vivid, precise descriptions.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Bright light is used to create a fairy tale world of dreams and illusions.   James Joyce uses the bright light when describing Mangan's sister, the boy's infatuation.   The protagonist is infatuated with his neighbor's sister and he imagines that he will heroically bring her something back from the bazaar.   Joyce refers to bright light when discussing Mangan's sister in order to give her a heavenly presence.   Light is used to create a joyful atmosphere.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The ending of the story is filled with images of darkness and light. James Joyce uses the lights of the bazaar to illustrate the boy's confrontation with reality.   The bazaar lights are almost all off because the bazaar is almost closed.   This is significant because the boy wants the bazaar to be bright and open, but it is dark and closed.   This is when the boy finally realizes that

Philosophy †epistemology Essay

Descartes is very successful philosophers in 17th century. Rene Descartes is widely accepted as the father of modern philosophy. He tried to create fundamental philosophy for natural sciences. Descartes mainly focus on his philosophical contributions in the theory of knowledge and his famous work focus on the epistemological project, Meditations on First Philosophy. He wants to explain his thought in Meditations on First Philosophy which is as original in philosophical modus as in content. Meditations on First Philosophy examine Descartes’ arguments and opinion. Although there are 6 meditations in this book, this paper points out the search for a foundation of knowledge (the question of truth) and doubt the â€Å"Cogito† (I think; therefore I am). First of all, in the First Meditation, Descartes demonstrates that several arguments for doubting all of his previously basic beliefs. Everything that he thought is the doubt. He has started to doubt from everything and he wanted to find the question of truth with own ideas. Descartes defines knowledge in terms of doubt and he aims ‘to reach certain’. At the same time, we have to use five senses but Descartes believes the senses sometimes deceive us concerning things. Also Descartes is often convinced when he is dreaming that he is sensing real objects. For instance, he said that â€Å"There is the fact that I am here, seated by the fire, and attired in a dressing gown, having this paper in my hands and other similar matters. And how could I deny that these hands and this body are mine (†¦)† (146). Descartes believes that we can achieve certain truth when we will doubt everything. Descartes uses some question to help prove one of his main arguments and ideas to find truth. For example, how we know certain, what is true, what we see, what we hear? As we can see, according to Descartes, the senses are not enough to decide what is real. He believes the truth is in his mind and he must use his mind. Descartes’ Second Meditation discusses some parts. First part explain that how a â€Å"body† can understand things, such as objects. Descartes examined how the mind should know better that human body. Although we need senses for everything, the mind is more important because all knowledge accumulate in our mind. Second part includes Descartes opinion about thinking. According to Descartes, thinking is very significant point because thinking is the ability to doubt, use imagination and reach certain truth. His famous theory is â€Å"Cogito Ergo Sum† which called ‘I think, therefore I am’. Descartes said that, â€Å"I don’t yet know clearly enough what I am. † (151) It means that, sometimes he has convinced himself that there is absolutely nothing in the world such as no sky, no earth also no mind no body. Descartes believes that if people convinced themselves of something then they existed. To conclude, we can infer that Descartes defend the certain truth is our knowledge and thought. These meditations are considered about modern philosophy. At the same time, Descartes wants to create gripping subject to study science.

Future of Corrections Essay Example

Future of Corrections Essay Example Future of Corrections Essay Future of Corrections Essay Future of Corrections Name: Course: Date: : Future of Corrections The correction department has been charged with rehabilitating and incarcerating criminal offenders before they are released back into society. It is expected that when these criminal offenders leave these facilities, they are reformed and ready to be socialized into the community. However, the criminals end up in these facilities again as repeat offenders or offenders of new crimes. The cause for this is the challenges the correctional departments all over the country. The prison employees and administration are ill equipped to rehabilitate the criminal offenders because of numerous reasons. One significant problem is the limited workforce in the prisons. It is becoming increasingly difficult to maintain correctional officers on the job. This is because the job usually entails interacting with dangerous criminals on a daily basis. This paints a false picture for the job profile making recruitment a weighty problem. Another problem facing the correctional department is medical care for the prisoners. The problems here include inadequate staff support, pharmaceuticals and the ability to control the spread of infectious diseases. Another issue ailing the correctional department is the inadequate resources for administrative work. This includes outdated management information systems, security system and communication devices when at work. Overcrowding of the prisons has been on the upward trend for a long time now. It seems that crime is on the rise, and the correctional department is unable to cope effectively (Waller 2009). Other problems include the illegal immigrants who greatly increase the populations of the, gang affiliations in the prisons making it difficult to control violence in the prisons. Funding also has been a significant inhibitor to effective prison administration. Administrative issues also go beyond funding. The prison system must devise ways through which administrators can be accountable for ineffective planning and operations in their prisons. Lack of funding has been attributed to lack of political will to make prison management increasingly effective. It is also becoming difficult to classify prisoners in with regard to transgender criminals. These problems and many more maybe carried into the future if the situation in the corrections is not resolved. In the past, it has always been expected that criminals be incarcerated. This practice was believed to be the most effective tool for rehabilitation. This has not been the case with ex-convicts go out and engage in crime landing them back into prison once more and subsequently increasing the prison population. However, recent developments in the corrections department have forced a change the system at present to change this situation. Legislation in the U.S has provided for use of community based corrections with an aim reduce population in prisons. These alternatives include but are not limited to community service, bail, probation, fines, conditional imprisonment, parole and electronic monitoring. These measures save the correctional departments all over the country costs in incarceration. It also offers minor offenders a chance to reform without the life shattering effects of jail time (Muraskin Roberts, 2009). The future lies in offering alternatives in offenders who have a chance to reform without experiencing jail. The future holds a vision of better correctional systems that exclude mass incarceration. Mass incarceration has been a trend thought of as a measure of reducing the crime levels in neighborhoods across the country by targeting minority races in the country (Robinson 2009). To reduce the crime levels that lead to imprisonment, it is recommended that high crime areas be provided with other opportunities for that would serve as an alternative crime. A reduced level in crime means that there are fewer offenders to imprison and thus improving the prison conditions in terms of population. The county jails have been many prisoners simply because due process takes a lot of time before a prisoner is presented before a court of law. It is essential for the police to simplify investigation procedures to avoid holding prisoners for longer than is expected. The waiting time between trial and the time of arrest and formal charges having been lodged has to be reduced (Victor Naughton, 2010). The longer people wait the more the number of people incarcerated without trial increases, as is the case with New York’s Rikers Island. It is necessary for legislation to impose a time limit within which trials can begin to avoid a backlog impossible to clear. Legislation sets minimum sentences for which criminals are supposed to be incarcerated. It also recommends that recidivists should serve longer period in jail. These legislative approaches should be revised to treat each case as uniquely as they appear before the court. The nature of crime maybe similar but the circumstances should count in determining the length of prison sentence one is going to take. The abolishing of educational programs from the jails does not help in reforming criminals. An educated ex-convict has a chance of avoiding crime and engaging in socially acceptable behavior. An ex-convict without education is more likely to commit crime and land in prison once more. These programs should be reinstated in correctional institutions that removed them for cost. The main issue of the future remains overcrowding and funding the correctional departments. All other problems will be dependent on the resolution of these two. Significant steps are being taken into avoiding overcrowding. However, these measures may have a lasting effect in the future where criminal offenders may feel that minor offences do not require jail time hence justifying committing these crimes. More prisons should be developed and at the same time initiate programs that would be effective and ensure that, the rate of repeat offenses goes down. It would also be necessary to initiate community programs that will reduce the number of juvenile offenders in high crime neighborhoods. However, all this require funding and political will to create an effective correctional system. References Muraskin, R., Roberts, A. R. (2009). Visions for change: Crime and justice in the twenty-first century. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Prentice Hall. Robinson, M. B. (2009). Justice blind? Ideals and realities of American criminal justice. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson/Prentice Hall. Victor, J. L., Naughton, J. (2010). Annual editions: Criminal justice 09/10. Boston: McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Waller, B. N. (2009). You decide!: Current debates in criminal justice. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson Prentice Hall.

Improving decision making

Improving decision making The method that chosen and used for collecting and analysing data meant to give form to the human thinking and process of solving problems. The effectiveness in detecting the problems and making decisions over them depends on statistically collected. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Improving decision making specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The decision-making procedure involves â€Å"detecting problems, defining priorities, identifying innovative solutions, and allocating resources for improved health outcomes.† (Cibulskis Hiawalyer, 2002) These are fundamental realities that have been ignored or little efforts have been placed to enhance them for greater information outcome. The timeliness, accurateness and relevance of information are crucial for decision makers. This paper focuses on collection of public health data that is required for making managerial decisions at personal, provisional, regional, natio nal and international levels. Some of the vital statistical information required to improve decision-making include the census reports, reports filed after some vital events, health surveillance reports, data from resources tracking procedures, statistics of facilities and other household surveys. The power of information for strategic change is evident on some historical examples of statistical data collection and analysis that used in the past for better decision-making procedures. Such examples include â€Å"The United Nations’ Standard System of National Accounts† which was discovered years ago by Richard Stone and it helps to define and shape the nation over various views, opportunities on offer and supporting disclosures. The other renowned example is the â€Å"Disability-adjusted Life Years (DALY’s)†, which is globally used to shape precedence for investments. (Cibulskis Hiawalyer, 2002) Data is a straightforward gauge for characteristics but it has very little or no inherent value or meaning if it is not analyzed, processed or interpreted to allow for generation of patters that create information. Information is what enables one to make improved decisions such as generation of recommendations, creation of rules for actions and change behaviors to support knowledge. Type of statistical information collected in the health sector The time, accuracy and the relevance of the information are the requirements for good decisions over services, policies/procedures and behaviours. In the health sector the type of statistical information collected for strategic planning include, â€Å"clinical diagnosis and management of illness or injury, quality assurance and quality improvement for health services, detection and control of emerging and endemic disease.† Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Others may entail  "human resource management, procurement and management of health commodities (including drugs, vaccines, and diagnostics), regulation of toxic exposures, program evaluation, research and other types of policies or programs.† (Walsh and Simonet 1995) This is information that can be very useful for the citizens to make viable claims, choose better health facilities consequently to behaviors and demand the required services and policies that safeguard them. In the health sector, some of this statistical information is very important for making wise decisions regarding transactional needs. For instance detection and control mechanisms to be installed at the boarder points to control consequences that may be brought about by wide spreading epidemics or infections such as the recent â€Å"H1N1† flu that has his various countries all over the world or the â€Å"Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)†. The health sector lacks these urgently required responsive and appa rent tracking systems and therefore there is need for performance measures to allow various countries to define priorities. This is an ever-increasing burden forcing the need for provision of evidence as a basis for decision making which leads to more risks. Countries ought to be empowered into measuring key indicators and producing unique evident strategic plans for better information and better health. (Perrin, Kalsbeek, and Scanlan 2004) Advantages of accurate interpretation of data to improve decision making With an organized process and procedure of interpreting medical data, it is possible to assemble and communicate the required information in an understandable and timely manner. A standardized system of collecting, analysing and availing heath recorded data enhances the economies of scale over training, managing software, processes and hardware that is involved. Considering regular health information as a cumulative high-quality need due to its required spread, produces cu mulative augments in the assessment of public goods, thus strengthening credibility and importance of Information interpretation and exchange. The reliability and compatibility of information is furthermore improved through standardizing local as well as multinational systems. (Cibulskis and Hiawalye, 2002) Conclusion Today there is no single data collection mechanism, considered as the most adequate over the needs for decision-making procedures. Globally, especially in the health sector, the required technology should be in position of integrating information to produce the necessary indicators or track development towards common goals. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Improving decision making specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This may call for pre-defined methods for management and distribution of information and definition of iterative systems for collecting core data such as â€Å"census, surveys, services stat istics, resources and monitoring of vital events.† (AbonZahr and Boerma 2005) According to The World Health Organization (WHO) as reported by Murry etal, (2003) the key statistical information or data that ought to be collected for improved decision making procedures include census reports, family units inspection reports, community physical condition surveillance reports, reports written after monitoring of important events, statistics involving the health departments and resource follow-up reports. Reference AbonZahr, C., and Boerma, T. (2005) â€Å"Health Information Systems: The Foundations of Public Health.† Bulletin of the World Health Organization 83 (8): 578–83. Cibulskis, R. E., and Hiawalyer, G. (2002) â€Å"Information Systems for Health Sector Monitoring in Papua New Guinea.† Bulletin of the World Health Organization 80 (9): 752–58. Murray, C. et al. (2003). â€Å"Validity of Reported Vaccination Coverage in 45 Countries.† Lancet 362 (9389): 1022–27. Perrin, E. B., Kalsbeek, W.D. and Scanlan, T. M. (2004) Toward a Health Statistics System for the 21st Century. Summary of a workshop, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, National Research Council and Committee on National Statistics, National Academy of Sciences. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. Walsh, J. A., and Simonet, M. (1995) â€Å"Data and Data Needs for Health Sector Reform. â€Å"Health Policy 32 (1–3): 295–306.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More

Detecting preventing or mitigating DoS or Distributed DoS attacks Research Paper

Detecting preventing or mitigating DoS or Distributed DoS attacks - Research Paper Example This process requires a large network of computers running malicious program. To acquire the network, the attacker uses software that recruits vulnerable computers (Glen, 2013). That is, the computers with improperly patched antivirus, out of date antivirus and without antivirus (FU, 2012). To recruit machines into his/her DDoS attack, the attacker may follow several processes. Firstly, the attacker may use a machine infected with malicious programs to search, find, and infect another machine (Patrikakis, Masikos, & Zouraraki, n.d.). The infected machine joins the previous in the haunt of the unprotected machine and infects them. Secondly, the attacker may create a long list of the machine he/she want to recruit before infecting them with the malicious software to make them join his/her army of attacking computers (Glen, 2013; Patrikakis, Masikos, & Zouraraki, n.d.). Notably, some public servers, when compromised, become effective to the attacker when creating the hit list (Patrikakis, Masikos, & Zouraraki, n.d.). For instance, the attacker may run topological scanning where one machine is infected and finds other machine to infect through url it stores (UMUC, 2012). Local subnet scanning uses a compromised host to attack another computer within its own network without firewall detection as it uses the information stored in the local addresses (UMUC, 2012). Lastly, permutation scanning infects the machines allocated a regular pseudorandom combination record of IP addresses (Patrikakis, Masikos, & Zouraraki, n.d.). It searches for uninfected machine in the IP addresses and infect it. When it identifies the infected machine, it jumps over it to the uninfected (UMUC, 2012). The process stops when the infected machine finds several infected machines while it scans (Patrikakis, Masikos, & Zouraraki, n.d.). There are various frames used in the wireless network as a way of

Depositions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Depositions - Essay Example Through evaluation of witness, conflicting testimonies can be compared with each other where the most credible testimony can be determined. Also, through evaluation of testimony, the extent of a testimony’s usefulness can be determined by the court such making relevant only those where the witness has practical experience and direct knowledge of the event that is material to the court. Through evaluation, the court can disregard second hand information or hearsays which are not material in the litigation of a case. This method of evaluation of witness and his or her testimony is not perfect but it is the best that has been tried so far. Establishing the credibility of the witness enables the court to know if the witness is truthful. Second, the testimony of the witness is cross examined and only limited to those that are relevant to the case removing all second hand information, hearsay or opinion which will defeat the impartiality of the